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THE CASE OF THE GIFT OR NOT!
Ruben, age ninety, had a very valuable violin collection consisting of 10 violins, cases and bows. He was frail and was helped by a niece Sahar, who was an excellent violinist. Two weeks after making a new will, Ruben told his niece that he was going to give her the violin collection. “It’s yours,” he said, adding that he would temporarily hold on to the collection for safekeeping. Sahar happily accepted. That same day he also sent Sahar a letter in which he said, “I give you my violin collection, and when I die, it will be yours.”
Ruben died five weeks later. In his will dated prior to the letter, which did not refer to the violins, he left his entire estate to his two children. Sahar brought suit against the estate to have the violin collection declared her property.
The Trial
Sahar testified at the trial about the help she had given her uncle over a period of fifteen years. She produced the letter her uncle had sent her and recalled their many conversations during which her uncle had promised to give her the violins. There was additional testimony that Ruben’s children had never even picked up a violin and had been estranged from their father for years.
The Arguments at Trial
Sahar’s attorney argued that the collection belonged to Sahar because Ruben had gifted the violins to her during his lifetime and that there was symbolic delivery. He further argued that Ruben’s keeping possession of the violins was solely to protect them and in no way invalidated the gift. He also argued that to deprive Sahar of the collection that her uncle obviously wanted to give her would be against Ruben’s wishes.
The children’s attorney argued that the will was validly executed after the letter was sent and promises made orally or in writing do not constitute valid gifts. They further argued that actual and not symbolic delivery is an essential requirement for a gift to be deemed valid.
Questions to Discuss
Who has the stronger argument, Sahar or Ruben’s children? Why?
If you were the jury hearing this case, for whom would you decide? Why?
Should considerations of fairness and the intentions of the person making the will take precedence over a validly executed will?
What problems do you think could arise if oral or written promises were considered under the circumstances of this case?

(USE THE TEMPLETED TO WRITE THE PAPER)
Introduction
Tesla, Inc. aims to extend its sustainable energy mission by introducing an electric scooter. Effective implementation requires strategic value chain management, organizational design, and alignment with Tesla’s goals.
Managing the Value Chain
To leverage competitive advantages, Tesla should optimize its value chain from sourcing to customer service:
Inbound Logistics
Utilize established supplier relationships to procure high-quality materials, incorporating Tesla’s advanced battery technology to differentiate the scooter.
Operations
Adopt Tesla’s production technologies and lean manufacturing principles to ensure efficiency and product quality. Optimize current technology, which can easily be adopted for scooters to reduce costs.
Marketing and Sales
Focus on the scooter’s eco-friendliness and cost-efficiency. Target existing Tesla customers through loyalty programs and utilize digital platforms for broader market engagement.
Service
Integrate scooter services with existing Tesla service centers to maintain high customer satisfaction and streamline post-sale support. Furthermore, make the over-the-air updates available to scooters to maintain the feeling of having an updated mode of transportation.
Organizational Design
Implementing a matrix structure will facilitate cross-functional collaboration and accelerate the scooter’s market entry:
Cross-Functional Teams
Foster a culture of innovation by forming teams that operate across traditional departmental boundaries, encouraging quick decision-making and knowledge sharing.
Innovation and Flexibility
Promote a risk-taking environment that aligns with Tesla’s innovative mission, enhancing product development and adaptation.
Conclusion
Tesla can enhance its market position by strategically managing the scooter’s value chain and adopting an organizational structure that promotes flexibility and innovation. Aligning operational strategies with Tesla’s mission is crucial for the successful launch of the electric scooter.