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Participation Expectations
For each discussion activity, you are responsible for posting at least one substantive initial response to the discussion questions posed, as well, as a reply to at least two other postings made by your classmates.
Your initial substantive posting should be a thoughtful reflection on at least one aspect of the discussion theme or question posed and can either initiate a line of discussion or be in response to someone else’s posting (i.e., adding your own perspective or additional research to it). Keep in mind that quality is better than quantity and “me too” and “I agree” type postings add little to the conversation. Your postings should demonstrate that you have read and thought about the course material. You are encouraged to reference your course textbook in your postings as well as other relevant outside literature.
Some points to keep in mind:
Be clear and to the point in your postings.
Edit your work. Your posts should be coherent and use proper grammar and spelling.
Keep postings to 300-350 words. Quality is better than quantity.
Contribute your own thoughts about the material you have read.
Support your thoughts by referencing the textbook or other outside literature.
Raise additional questions or points of discussion to stimulate further discussion.
If you have questions, show that you have already tried to find a solution.
Respect the viewpoints of your peers. Ask for clarification if you don’t understand a point. Assume good intentions.
Use the proper terminology introduced in the course readings.
When using literature in your postings, make sure to provide references in proper APA Style.
Show respect and sensitivity to peers’ gender, cultural and linguistic background, political, and religious beliefs.
You are strongly encouraged to take the time to review the following documents on writing quality discussion posting and on taking roles in discussions.
PREPARING TO WRITE
1. Read assigned material—critically—and take notes as you read:
Who wrote this material (a respected expert? an activist with a specific aim or belief?) Do
they have any possible biases?
Are studies reliable and valid? (What kind of research was performed?)
When was this material written? Are the definitions/conditions/opinions described still
accur vant? ate/rele
Is an opinion expressed? How might someone disagree?
How does this material relate to other concepts and theories you are studying?
(Remember, instructors choose readings with a plan in mind—try to imagine why they
have assigned this reading)
Does the article complement other things you have learned? Is it in opposition?
2. Read and understand the discussion question or topic provided by your instructor
• What are you asked to do? (Formulate an opinion? Respond to a question? Explain a
concept or theory?)
• How are you asked to do this? What kind of information are you expected to include
(e.g., supporting quotations or references, examples, etc.) Do you need to bring in
outside research?
3. Sort out the finer details
• Is there a word maximum? Minimum? (Most posts will be 1‐2 paragraphs maximum).
• How many times are you expected to post? (Find out if you are required to post a
certain number of times per question, per week, etc.)
• How much of your grade is this component worth?Each post? Budget your time accordingly
A.re you expected to respond to other students’ posts? What proportion of original posts
versus responses are you asked to provide?
INITIAL POSTS – An initial post is a response to the original question
presented by the course instructor, or the opening post
on a particular topic (i.e., not responding to other
students’ posts). Consider each post a “mini‐thesis,” in
which you state a position and provide support for it.
If you are responding to a question, be sure to
1. Take a position: Provide a clear answer to the
question (incorporate some of the wording of
the question in your answer if possible).
2. Offer a reasoned argument: Provide an
explanation for your point of view, and use
evidence from your text, notes, or outside
research (where appropriate) to support your
point.
3. Stay focused: End with a summary comment to
explain the connection between your evidence
and the question (how your evidence proves
your point).
Your post might also introduce a question or idea that
others can follow up on. But make sure you have answered the question first! Discusssion Marking rubric.
A+
Discussion Post A+
Initial Post
/2.5 points
deliver
information
that is full of
thought,
insight, and
analysis
• make
insightful
connections
to course
content
• make
insightful
connections
to real-life
situations
• contain rich
and fully
developed
new ideas,
connections,
or
applications
• contain no
spelling
errors and
typos
Question of discussion is –
Who are you?
Use this discussion area to complete the discussion activity in Unit 02.
For this discussion, you are asked to think about yourself. Describe your characteristics. Explain how you came to become the person you call yourself. Identify any positive self-illusions you might have and list some examples. Do the values of your culture have a role in defining yourself?
Refer to the Outline for the specific dates for this discussion and when your initial response should be posted by. Discussion participation expectations can be found in the Assessments section of the course website.
During the week, be sure to spend some time reviewing and responding to the posts of your discussion group members.Write in 300-350 words. Describe your characteristics. Explain how you came to become the person you call yourself. These are the characterstics :
social preceptionHOW WE THINK, FEEL, AND ACT IN THE SOCIAL WORLD
Social psychology also examines how people form impressions and make inferences about other people and events in the social world, a process called social perception. We form these impressions easily and frequently—we decide why our favourite hockey team won the game, why a grade on a test was lower than we expected, and why our best friend’s dating relationship probably would not last.
social perception – HOW WE THINK, FEEL, AND ACT IN THE SOCIAL WORLD
Social psychology also examines how people form impressions and make inferences about other people and events in the social world, a process called social perception. We form these impressions easily and frequently—we decide why our favourite hockey team won the game, why a grade on a test was lower than we expected, and why our best friend’s dating relationship probably would not last.
social perception – how people form impressions of and make inferences about other people and events in the social world
Social Influence Another central issue examined by social psychologists is social influence—the impact of other people’s attitudes and behaviour, or even their mere presence, on our thoughts, feelings, and behaviour. In some cases, social influence is very direct: advertising messages are a good example of deliberate efforts to influence our attitudes and behaviour. In other cases, however, social influence is very subtle. We are, for example, less likely to help a person in need if we are in a large group than if we are alone with the person, in part because we don’t feel personally responsible for helping when there are others around us.
social influence – the impact of other people’s attitudes and behaviours on our thoughts, feelings, and behaviour
self fulfiling prophecy reading in book.
HOW OUR ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOUR SHAPE THE SOCIAL WORLD
Finally, social psychology also examines how our attitudes and behaviours can shape the social world. Through the process called self‐fulfilling prophecy, people’s expectations about someone else’s traits influence how they act toward that person. In turn, these actions elicit the behaviour that is expected. The self‐fulfilling prophecy therefore leads people to confirm whatever beliefs they have and makes it very difficult for these beliefs to be disconfirmed.
self‐fulfilling prophecy – the process by which people’s expectations about a person lead them to elicit behaviour that confirms these expectations
Social cognitionA particular type of social perception, social cognition, describes how we think about others and the social world. At times, we see the world accurately. For example, you might assume that expensive restaurants serve better food than do cheap restaurants—and this is a pretty good rule of thumb (or heuristic). But in some cases, we tend to make errors in our judgments about people and events. For example, many people are more afraid of air travel than road travel. In reality, every year, the number of people who die in car accidents is greater than that in airplane accidents, suggesting that our fear of air travel isn’t well founded.
social cognition – how we think about the social world, and in particular how we select, interpret, and use information to make judgments about the world
Content from book
Do the values of your culture have a role in defining yourself? for this part of question take help of this reading content from book donot use chatgpt and Ai at all. Write in own words. Do use AI AND CHATGPT.
CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY
Psychology has its roots in Western Europe and the United States; therefore psychological knowledge reflects cultural traditions in these regions of the world. It has been argued that psychology is largely culture‐bound, not only in terms of its origin but also in terms of its concepts and its research findings, which represent only a particular and small part of the world (Berry, 2013; Henrich, Heine, & Norenzayan, 2010). Psychology has been criticized for being culture blind as it has largely ignored the influence of culture on human emotion, cognition, and behaviour (Berry, 2013). In fact, psychological knowledge from many parts of the world including most African nations, most Arab countries, South America, Russia, India, China, and first nations in Americas and Pacific regions is missing (Berry, 2013).
Cultural psychology examines how culture shapes people by focusing on the processes that people become encultured in their own culture (Cohen, 2015). Cultural psychologists study how certain beliefs, attitudes, values, and particular patterns of behaviour have developed in a culture. Sternberg (2014) has argued that various cultures have different ways of seeing and evaluating people and interpreting their behaviours, goals, and intelligence. What is highly valued in one culture may be devalued, or looked down on, in another.
Cultural and cross‐cultural research not only identify cultural differences but also highlight cultural similarities—both are equally important. By identifying cultural differences, we can recognize the diversity of human behaviour, thought processes, and emotional expressions. For example, if intelligence is defined and understood differently across cultures, our theoretical framework of intelligence should be modified and expanded to include these cultural variations. On the other hand, by identifying cultural similarities, shared psychological mechanisms are established. This highlights the universality and the commonality of a certain psychological process, which helps with developing a global psychology (Berry, 2013; Wang, 2017).
As you read subsequent chapters, you will notice that although many cultural and cross‐cultural psychological research are described and discussed, they are far fewer than social psychological research that are conducted in the West. This is a reflection of the discipline that psychology is still mostly produced in the West and made available to the rest of the world. Local psychology is generally not valued, misrepresented, and not shared in the West. The outcome of the current state of affair is that we have a limited knowledge of human psychology.
wriite in 300 words. foloow proper guidlibes as given in begning. Use AP7 STYLE OWL PURDE. Provide refrence.
Write in on own words.
Some points to keep in mind:
Be clear and to the point in your postings.
Edit your work. Your posts should be coherent and use proper grammar and spelling.
Keep postings to 300-350 words. Quality is better than quantity.
Contribute your own thoughts about the material you have read.
Support your thoughts by referencing the textbook or other outside literature.
Raise additional questions or points of discussion to stimulate further discussion.
If you have questions, show that you have already tried to find a solution.
Respect the viewpoints of your peers. Ask for clarification if you don’t understand a point. Assume good intentions.
Use the proper terminology introduced in the course readings.
When using literature in your postings, make sure to provide references in proper APA Style.
Show respect and sensitivity to peers’ gender, cultural and linguistic background, political, and religious beliefs.

Most importantly, you will apply sociological explanations/theories of delinquency and chapter concepts and terms throughout the assignment.
______________________________________________________________________________
To prepare, be sure to review the concepts and theories that have been included on the reading quizzes study guide that has been available since the first day of class. You want to pay special attention to Chapter 4: Sociological Views of Delinquency, and Chapter 5: Developmental Explanations of Delinquency. 
Juvenile Delinquency: The Core, 6th ed. Authors: Larry J. Siegel and Brandon C. Welsh, Press:
Cengage Learning, Year:2016, ISBN 13: 978-1-305-57741-1
• Proficient application of the sociological and developmental explanations/theories of delinquency. (30pts)
o Chapter 4: Sociological Views of Delinquency, and Chapter 5: Developmental Explanations of Delinquency. 
• Proficient application of chapter concepts and key terms (30pts)
• Thorough reflection of simulation prompt questions, with the use of chapter key terms and concepts (30 pts)
• Demonstrates proficient sentence structure, grammar use, and idea development by effectively using course content in the following manner (10pts):
o Apply- Make a relevant or valid connection.
o Synthesize- Combine two or more things to create something more complex.
o Analyze- examine content in detail for purposes of explanation and interpretation.
Be sure to works through this assignment in sequential order and pay attention to the in instructions provided.
Only complete this assignment if your last name begins with A-E
Instructions: You have been provided a juvenile profile. You will navigate, and reflect upon multiple scenarios. The assignment will culminate in a 2- 3-page type-written, double-spaced essay. Feel free to complete this assignment in increments. 
Your Profile:
Juvenile #1
You are a straight-A student at Good Times High School.  You have a good family, participate in student government and play on the soccer team.  You and a of couple friends went into Bartell Drugs at lunch.  While you weren’t paying attention, one of your friends stuck some merchandise in your backpack.  When store security stopped you at the door, they found the items in your backpack and detained you.  Proceed to Station #1 to find out what the security decides to do.  
Juvenile #1 / Station #1
Taken into Custody – To arrest a juvenile, the police must have probable cause to believe the juvenile has committed an offense or have a valid arrest warrant.
The police come and decide to arrest you.  You suspect that it’s just because a lot of people steal from this store, but you are worried because you are currently applying for college and college scholarships.  Also, your parents are really into discipline; you know they won’t let you get off easy, even if you didn’t intend to do anything wrong.  Go to Station #2. 
Station #1 (Complete the reflection below)
1. Title: 
2. What happened? 
3. Why? 
4. How would you feel if this happened to you?  Have you or any of your peers had a similar experience? 
Juvenile #1 / Station #2
Juvenile Court Intake – The intake process consists of an informal process by which court officials or social workers decide if a complaint against a juvenile should be referred to juvenile court.  They usually make this decision after interviewing the youth and considering the seriousness of the offense, the past record of the accused, his or her family situation and other factors.  
The intake worker decides that, based on your lack of juvenile record, you can be released to the custody of your parents.  You call your parents who come down to the police station.  The police release you into their custody, although you think you may have preferred to stay at the police station.  Go to Station #3.
Station #2 (Complete the reflection below)
1. Title: 
2. What happened?
3. Why? 
4. How would you feel if this happened to you?  Have you or any of your peers had a similar experience? 
Juvenile #1 / Station #3
Prosecuting Attorney – After placing a juvenile under arrest, the police file a report with the Prosecuting Attorney’s Office. The Prosecuting Attorney is a lawyer who works for the County and represents the community. The Prosecuting Attorney screens the report for legal sufficiency and decides which offense, if any, should be charged.  If the case is legally sufficient and the Prosecuting Attorney determines that charges should be filed, they may “divert” the case, or file an information with the juvenile court.
The prosecutor decided to divert your case, citing the minimal value of the items stolen and the fact that you don’t have a record.  Diversions are not supposed to appear on your record, although the arrest will come up if anyone performs a criminal background check.  Diversions are preferable to other outcomes, but they don’t eliminate all the consequences of your actions.  You also have to complete the diversion requirements.  Go to Station #4. 
Station #3 (Complete the reflection below)
1. Title: 
2. What happened?
3. Why? 
4. How would you feel if this happened to you?  Have you or any of your peers had a similar experience? 
Juvenile #1 / Station #4 
Diversion – If the prosecutor diverts the case, the juvenile does not go to court.  Instead, the juvenile meets with a diversion worker or with an “accountability board.”  The board is a group of people from the local area.  Board members are unpaid volunteers.  The worker or board discuss the offense with the juvenile and decide on a reasonable consequence. That consequence is then incorporated into a “Diversion Agreement”.  A diversion agreement may include any of the following: volunteer (unpaid) work; counseling; paying a fine; and paying “restitution.”  Restitution is money paid to the victim for damages they suffered as a result of an offense. It can also be the cost of paying for doctor bills if the juvenile hurt a person.  The juvenile must agree to the decision of the worker or board by signing the diversion agreement.
The accountability board decided to require volunteer work, as well as a written essay.  Go to Station #5 to find your essay topic. 
Station #4 (Complete the reflection below)
1. Title: 
2. What happened?
3. Why? 
4. How would you feel if this happened to you?  Have you or any of your peers had a similar experience? 
Juvenile #1 / Station #5
Diversion Agreement – 
Petty crimes can be fairly trivial.  Many teenagers steal small items under peer pressure or as a rite of passage.  However, sometimes these small crimes develop into a larger pattern of crime.  
• Write a 2-3 page essay on how you think the justice system should respond to adolescent crime.  Do you think a low tolerance for petty crime will prevent a larger pattern of crime in the future, or do you think adolescents are less capable of evaluating consequences and should not be punished for their criminal activity?  
• Do you think an experience in a detention facility is helpful in prohibiting crime, or should the justice system use more counseling or education services? 
• Do you think that serious crimes committed by juveniles should be treated as adult crimes or juvenile infractions.    
Completing Your Essay 
You will write a 2-3 page, double spaced essay formatted,assignment that includes at least 5-chapter key terms from chapter 1-6 lessons that have been covered in the course thus far. 
You must also apply at least one sociological theories, from chapter 4, and one developmental theory from chapter 5 that explains juvenile delinquency in your discussion. Demonstrate your understanding by,
• first, identifying the theory.
• second, discuss the tenets and principles of the theory you select in your own words.
• third, follow your discussion of the theory with relative discussion of your reflection from the from the reading, video lessons, and/or supplemental readings.