Category: Law

Some experts have pointed out that Joint Ventures (JVs) are more prevalent in times of uncertainty compared to mergers and acquisitions (M&As) (Dintelman M. & Aschenbroich A., 2023). What might explain this trend? The growing prevalence of JVs during periods of uncertainty may be linked to their inherently flexible nature, several synergies and ability to retain control. Unlike M&As, where there is a significant commitment to forming a single entity bound by strict governance rules, JVs operate as strategic partnerships. While JVs are favored for their strategic flexibility and adaptability in unpredictable environments, establishing them can be legally complex. Governance and Control: Questions of authority and decision-making powers arise. Who has the final say, and what rights do the veto holders possess?
Capitalization: Agreements must be made regarding the JV’s capitalization. Disputes can occur when one party contributes intellectual property rights or other non-capital assets, leading to imbalance.
Deadlock Situations: What happens when the decision-making process reaches a standstill at the board or shareholder level?
Termination: The grounds and consequences of ending a JV need to be clearly defined to avoid future complications.
Competition: JVs can potentially create competition issues, requiring careful consideration beyond the scope of M&A antitrust perspectives.
Please make me a paper about this. Discussing all aspects. Also provide at least 4 good sources. Focus on Swiss Law or European Law.

Have included life experiences that show resiliency and my desire to practice law. Would like to blend all of these ideas for a smooth paper that has chronological order and can connect all ideas. Also would like to elaborate on some ideas a little more.

For every ISSUE in the problem question, use the IRAC/IPAC method (I: Issue, what are the issues ? R: Rules(law)/P: Principles(law), definitions etc. A: Application, apply the law to the facts of the questions. C: Conclusion.). Referencing style is OSCOLA so please follow it. As for the grammar please write in simple English as it will be easy to read for the person marking the work. Word count is 2500 words, don’t write more than that. AND PLEASE USE ACADEMIC SOURCES ONLY = CASE LAW, ARTICLES, JOURNAL ARTICLES, BOOKS etc. I have uploaded questions and answers regarding each topic so that you have an idea. If you need anything please contact me.

Introduction
Overview of IPOs and their significance in the financial market.
Introduction to the role of underwriters in IPOs.
Thesis statement.
The Underwriting Process
Descriiption of the underwriting process.
Types of underwriting commitments.
Reference: “Investment Banking: Valuation, Leveraged Buyouts, and Mergers & Acquisitions” by Joshua Rosenbaum and Joshua Pearl.
Role of Underwriters in Pricing IPOs
Methods used for IPO pricing.
Factors influencing pricing decisions.
Case studies of successful and unsuccessful IPO pricing.
Reference: “Initial Public Offerings: A Practical Guide to Going Public” by David Westenberg.
Marketing and Distribution Strategies
Strategies used by underwriters to market and distribute IPO shares.
The importance of investor roadshows and marketing in IPO success.
Reference: “IPO: A Global Guide” by Philippe Espinasse.
Regulatory Compliance and Due Diligence
The role of underwriters in ensuring regulatory compliance.
Due diligence processes and its impact on IPO success.
Reference: “The Law of Securities Regulation” by Thomas Lee Hazen.
Underwriter Reputation and IPO Performance
The impact of underwriter reputation on the success of an IPO.
Statistical analysis of IPO performance based on underwriter reputation.
Reference: “Initial Public Offerings: The mechanics and performance of IPOs” by Arif Khurshed.
Emerging Trends and New Challenges
The evolving landscape of IPOs and its impact on underwriters.
Discussion on SPACs, direct listings, and other emerging trends.
Reference: “Going Public: My Adventures Inside the SEC and How to Prevent the Next Devastating Crisis” by Norm Champ.
Conclusion
Summary of key findings.
Implications for companies considering an IPO.
Suggestions for future research.

Description
Assignment Details
According to the article What Works? Short-Term, In-Custody Treatment Programs, there are a number of risk-needs-responsivity model programs that have shown significant promise to effect real change in long-term offender rehabilitation (Lizama et al., 2014). However, in this article, the authors are more concerned with the successful application of such programs inside short-term correctional settings, such as jails or detention centers.After reviewing the merits of the article, use proper APA format and at least 3 academic sources to write a six pages response that focuses on the overall effectiveness of correctional rehabilitation.
Select 3 of the following program types, and discuss the effectiveness of these specific correctional rehabilitation programs:Cognitive behavioral therapy
Educational and vocational programs
Substance and alcohol abuse treatment
Faith-based programs
Mental illness treatment programs
Provide an example of each type of program currently being used in correctional facilities.
How is the risk-needs-responsivity model applied to the 3 types of programs that you selected?
What are the determining factors in assessing the effectiveness of these programs, including the limitations?

The requirements for the essay:
You need to do both questions.
Read questions carefully to identify all evidence law issues. 
Point out the applicable law with respect to each identified issue.
Analyze the issue based on the facts of the question by applying relevant laws. 
Do not copy the questions. You need to organize your writing in the form of an essay.
There is no requirement as to how long the essay has to be. The requirement is that you need to sufficiently discuss the issues and well organize your essay. 
Grading criteria
Whether you have identified all the issues;
Whether you have applied the correct law or evidence rules;
Whether you have properly analyzed the issues based on the facts and the applicable laws;   
Whether your essay is well written and well organized.
topic
Sam is charged with robbery for robbing a jewelry store. The robbery took place at 1:00 p.m. on a Saturday. Sam and Danny committed the crime together. Sam went into the store with a gun. He pointed the gun at the clerk and said: “Put the diamonds in the bag or I’ll shoot you.” The clerk put the diamonds in the bag.  
Danny, who had a long beard, was waiting in a getaway car. When Sam got into the car after the robbery, Danny sped away. He was nervous and crashed the car into a utility pole. The crash did not disable the car. As Danny’s car was speeding away, the store owner ran out of the store, yelling: “Robbery! Don’t take my jewelry!”  Fred, standing at the street corner, saw that.   
Henry was also on the street and he saw Danny crash the car into the pole. At the moment, he was on the phone with his friend Leon. Over the phone Henry said calmly to Leon: “Look at that guy with a long beard. He crashed his car into a pole.”
Three months later, Sam and Danny were arrested. Danny confessed to the crime. He told the police it was Sam’s idea to rob the store. Danny reached a plea deal with the prosecution and agreed to testify against Sam. Three days before trial, Danny changed his mind. He refused to testify because Sam had threatened to harm his family if he would testify. The prosecution offers the police officer who interrogated Danny to testify as to Danny’s statement about Sam’s role in the crime. The defense objects, claiming that the officer’s testimony would violate the confrontation clause and the testimony is hearsay.
The prosecution intends to call the store clerk to testify about Sam’s statement in the store. The defense objects, claiming the testimony is hearsay.
The prosecution intends to call Fred to testify about the store owner’s conduct of chasing the getaway car while yelling. The defense objects, claiming the testimony is hearsay.
The prosecution intends to call Leon to testify about what Henry said to him over the phone. The defense objects, claiming the testimony is hearsay.
The prosecution intends to call Alice, Sam’s ex-girlfriend, to testify. Alice is to testify that about a week after the robbery, she saw Sam. Sam said to her: “You broke up with me. Now I’m rich. I have a lot of diamonds.” The defense objects, claiming the testimony is hearsay.

1. A short paragraph summarizing the issue in the current event. Here, you should focus on giving the reader information about your event. 2. A link to the credible news source that you used to get your information; include a sentence or two about WHY this is a credible source. It is not enough to state that ‘this news source is credible because it’s popular’ – instead, give a sentence or two about why this is a credible source to use to get news. 3. A summary of the class material you are using in the assignment – as if you were teaching it to someone new. Here, your goal is to teach the material to the reader. So, for example, if you’re trying your example to a jurisprudential approach to the law, you might give the definition of a jurisprudential approach and then talk a bit about what it means to define something this way. 4. A summary of the analysis/evaluation of the issue as it relates to the class material – again, as if you were teaching it to someone new. Here, your goal is to explicitly tie the event to the course material – show the reader how your event is an example of the course material.
Topic Discussed
-Primitive Legal systems (Attachment: The Cheyenne Way)
-Substantive Law
-Procedural Law
-Evolution of law and legal systems

1. Choose one aspect of Irish criminal procedure which you consider to be in need of reform(I choose bail). Explain why change is needed in this area and propose reforms. Your argument should be supported by relevant authority 
2. Include research trail, and a bibliography 

OF THESE 3 QUESTIONS, PLEASE CHOOSE JUST ONE THAT YOU CAN DO THE FASTET.
I NEED THIS IN 4HRS. (I will not accept it if it cannot be done in 4 hrs)
NO footnotes or bibliography.
Only in text citation of (author) or (case) or (Regislation).
#1
In 2022, Afua purchased the site of the former Oldwich High School. She obtained planning
permission from the local authority to change the use of the site to a City Farm. The farm
provides educational opportunities for inner-city children to learn about farming and animal
husbandry, as well as close encounters for visitors from the local area with a variety of
animals that would usually only be seen in rural areas. 
Ernie, who bought a house next door to the school 30 years ago, was pleased when it closed
down, because he had been inconvenienced by the increasing amount of traffic passing his
house and entering and exiting the car park adjoining his property. Since Afua’s farm opened,
however, he has been finding it even more difficult to reverse out of his driveway due to the
many cars going to the farm on weekends and in school holidays and the buses bringing
children on school trips during the week. He now tries to avoid going out in his car whenever
possible and has even given up attending his weekly painting class. Usually a keen gardener,
Ernie has also stopped tending his front garden, as the traffic fumes were exacerbating his
asthma. 
In December 2023, Carine bought a house adjoining the farm. Carine’s back garden is
separated from the paddock where the cows usually reside by a fence and a small stream.
Since the farm animals have been turned out of their winter shelters, she has found the
smell of them, and the manure, disgusting, to the point where she is unable to sit in her
garden or leave her windows open.
Recent heavy rain has washed cow manure into the stream and, from there, it has
overflowed into Carine’s garden pond, killing her koi carp which were worth several
thousand pounds. Carine’s mother, Odette, has been staying with her since May whilst
renovations are undertaken at Odette’s home. Odette has a severe phobia of cows and
4
consequently is unable to ever take her little dog out into Carine’s back garden. She finds it
inconvenient and a little unnerving to have to take her dog for a walk down the road in the
dark at night, but feels she has no choice. 
Advise Ernie, Carine and Odette as to any claims they may make against Afua in private
nuisance.  
#2
Recent case law has significantly restricted the scope of relationships which may give rise to
vicarious liability. It is therefore to be hoped that recent development of the law on nondelegable duties will provide claimants with the continued ability to claim against the
defendant with the deepest pockets.’
Critically discuss .
#3
Critically evaluate how effectively English law achieves its stated aim of awarding full
compensation in cases where negligence is successfully established.  

OF THESE 3 QUESTIONS, PLEASE CHOOSE JUST ONE THAT YOU CAN DO THE FASTET.
I NEED THIS IN 4HRS. (I will not accept it if it cannot be done in 4 hrs)
NO footnotes or bibliography.
Only in text citation of (author) or (case) or (Regislation).
For each case, I need relevant tort law cases and Acts. (Nuisance for #1 and others for #2,3)
#1
In 2022, Afua purchased the site of the former Oldwich High School. She obtained planning
permission from the local authority to change the use of the site to a City Farm. The farm
provides educational opportunities for inner-city children to learn about farming and animal
husbandry, as well as close encounters for visitors from the local area with a variety of
animals that would usually only be seen in rural areas. 
Ernie, who bought a house next door to the school 30 years ago, was pleased when it closed
down, because he had been inconvenienced by the increasing amount of traffic passing his
house and entering and exiting the car park adjoining his property. Since Afua’s farm opened,
however, he has been finding it even more difficult to reverse out of his driveway due to the
many cars going to the farm on weekends and in school holidays and the buses bringing
children on school trips during the week. He now tries to avoid going out in his car whenever
possible and has even given up attending his weekly painting class. Usually a keen gardener,
Ernie has also stopped tending his front garden, as the traffic fumes were exacerbating his
asthma. 
In December 2023, Carine bought a house adjoining the farm. Carine’s back garden is
separated from the paddock where the cows usually reside by a fence and a small stream.
Since the farm animals have been turned out of their winter shelters, she has found the
smell of them, and the manure, disgusting, to the point where she is unable to sit in her
garden or leave her windows open.
Recent heavy rain has washed cow manure into the stream and, from there, it has
overflowed into Carine’s garden pond, killing her koi carp which were worth several
thousand pounds. Carine’s mother, Odette, has been staying with her since May whilst
renovations are undertaken at Odette’s home. Odette has a severe phobia of cows and
4
consequently is unable to ever take her little dog out into Carine’s back garden. She finds it
inconvenient and a little unnerving to have to take her dog for a walk down the road in the
dark at night, but feels she has no choice. 
Advise Ernie, Carine and Odette as to any claims they may make against Afua in private
nuisance.  
#2
Recent case law has significantly restricted the scope of relationships which may give rise to
vicarious liability. It is therefore to be hoped that recent development of the law on nondelegable duties will provide claimants with the continued ability to claim against the
defendant with the deepest pockets.’
Critically discuss . 
#3
Critically evaluate how effectively English law achieves its stated aim of awarding full
compensation in cases where negligence is successfully established.