Category: Geology

Using the attached instructions and the following topic …
A case study of earthquakes, their causes, and effects on the environment
create a power point presentation

For this project, you will choose one of the topics listed below and present the information you find about that topic. The topics are divided into 3 groups (People, Fossil Deposits, and Rock Units/Events). You only need to pick one topic to present, but it can be from any group. Whatever form your project takes, you will submit it either as attachments through Canvas or you can email the files to me. For essays, make sure it is at least one page, single-spaced, with at least four references including sources less than 1 year old.
Do some exploratory research before you settle on a topic. I want you to choose something that interests you and that you really want to learn more about. Here are some questions you might consider as you complete this project. Use these as a guide only: you will not be graded explicitly on whether or not you address any or none of these in your presentation. Let your curiosity and interest in the topic lead you to discover more things about it than those ideas given below.
What was this person’s upbringing? Where were they born and where did they live? What about schooling and family (or lack thereof)? What attributes made this person good at what they did? What was their contribution to science? Perhaps most importantly, what cultural or societal conditions allowed this person to either thrive or be held back from their potential?
Where are these fossil deposits located (specifically), how old are they, and what fossil organisms do they preserve? Why are these organisms important for paleontology and/or geology? How are these organisms preserved in these localities? What are some recent discoveries that have been made in these areas in the last few years? Who discovered these deposits and what has been their history (conservation, protection, exploitation, etc.) since they were discovered?
What is the impact that these rock units/events have had on earth history, either geological or biological? Where are they located and what has been the history of study for these topics. How have these studies increase our understanding of earth history? What are some of the unanswered questions surrounding these events, places, or ideas?
Topics
People
Nicolas Steno
James Hutton
Charles Lyell
Arthur Holmes (radiometric dating)
Norman L. Bowen (Bowen’s reaction series)
William Smith (first geologic map)
Alfred Wegener
Alfred Russel Wallace
Henrietta Swan Leavitt (astronomer)
Edwin Hubble & Milton Humason
Stanley Miller (Miller-Urey experiment)
Louis Agassiz
James Croll & Milutin Milankovitch
Fossil Deposits
Ediacara (Australia) Fauna
Burgess Shale (Canada) and Fauna
Solnhofen Limestone (Germany)
Jehol Biota (China)
Florissant Fossil Beds (Colorado)
Green River Formation (Utah/Wyoming)
La Brea Tar Pits (California)
Rock Units/Events
Franciscan Complex (California)
Chicxulub Impact (Mexico) and the Cretaceous mass extinction event
Siberian Traps (Russia) & Deccan Traps (India)
Western Interior Seaway (North America)
Anthropocene (the current geologic age we are in…or maybe not?)

Assignments must follow these formatting guidelines: double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, one-inch margins, and discipline-appropriate citations. Page length requirements: 1–2 pages.
Follow what the PDF tells you to do 

write about Hurricane Harvey. Write a scientific report that covers the following aspects: 1. Overview of the type natural hazard, including its causes and frequency of occurrence for your specific location. 2. Analysis of the impacts of your specific natural disaster on human and natural systems, including the socioeconomic impacts and the potential for secondary hazards. Use plenty of statistics and site sources for your evidence. 3. Review of the existing strategies and measures used to manage and mitigate the impacts of the natural disaster both before and after the event. 4. Discussion of the effectiveness of the current strategies and measures and potential future directions for research and policy in this area. 5. Conclusion summarizing the key findings and their implications for managing and mitigating the impacts of the natural hazard. Remember to use scientific terminology, data and references to support your analysis and recommendations. This report should be between 1.5 and 3 pages before your works cited. Single spaced with a font no bigger than 12pt.

For this paper, you will read the article, The Beholding Eye, written by geographer Donald Meinig. He has some very interesting and geographic ways of looking at cities. I want you to understand more about your city. Then you will choose 5 of the different ways he looks at landscapes and use it as you analyze your own city. My city is Placentia, CA. Make sure you read and understand what he means by each category and then make your choice. Your paper will be 3-4 pages, typed and double-spaced. It will be a college-level writing paper. Look over the rubric I have posted on Canvas.  Understand the qualities of a good paper. 
Now is the time to dig into your City. Research online about its history, how it was founded. What was here before all of the houses? What makes it unique? What types of housing? What are the most beautiful places? Who made significant contributions to your city? Read the article and get to know your city on a deeper level.
Make sure you use citations, and have a works cited page. You can use online sources. Cities have websites, they have history sections, they have parks department and other places to look for information. Also, there are books an articles written about most of our cities so there are plenty of resources.
An example – A really unique and beautiful place in Placentia, my city, is Tri-City Regional Park. A regional park means that it is protected by more than one city ( Artman, 1998). Tri-City Park is protected by Brea, Fullerton, and Placentia (City of Placentia website). This helps in funding the park for maintenance and making improvements. Now, I can talk about looking at this through the historical lens, or sense of place lens, or one of the other ways Meinig looks at cities. 
If you are going to define “sense of place” you can look it up for definition (or quote Meinig, or if I have explained it in a presentation, use that. I have attached Meinig to this description as an attachment.
You will use many sources (at least 4 including Meinig’s article). You must use the Meinig Article, and use your textbook, use the City’s website, or maybe your city has a Historical Committee.
Make sure you add a Works Cited Page and cite your sources in your writing. You can use APA, MLA, Chicago Style or ask me about others. Refer to the Purdue Owl Webpage for information on citations. 
https://owl.purdue.edu
This is worth up to 100 points so do great work.
This is in place of a final exam, so it cannot be turned in after May 13.
This is the name of the book:  State of the World: Can a City Be Sustainable?

Assignment Instructions
The Australian and New Zealand landmasses display a diverse array of landforms that are the culmination of both endogenic and exogenic processes. The dominant processes, however, may be quite different in each country, as a result of their differing geological history, tectonic setting and climates.
Your task in this assignment is to:
Compare and contrast the dominant endogenic and exogenic processes shaping a relatively old (Australia) and young (New Zealand) landmass. In your answer, explain why the relative influences of the endogenic and exogenic processes you have identified differ between the two landmasses.
Recommended Reading
Twidale and Campbell (2005) Australian Landforms: A understanding a low, flat, arid and old landscape. Rosenberg Publishing, Sydney, Australia. 336p
Stevens (1980) New Zealand adrift : the theory of continental drift in a New Zealand setting, A.H. & A.W. REED LTD, Sydney, Australia 442p

Introduction
For your final report you will be writing an informational research paper on a particular earthquake in
recorded history. It should be typed, between 1000 – 2000 words, and double spaced with 12 pt font.
Your report should include topics such as the geological characteristics of the area, the seismological
implications of the earthquake, the shaking, seismic models, etc. You can also include information on
additional hazards that were caused by the earthquake (landslides, liquefaction, tsunamis, etc.).
Although you can include some information on random facts like the fatalities and damage to structures,
it should not be the primary focus of your report. This report should be focused on geologic and
geophysical topics! You are encouraged to include figures and images, including shake maps, fault
models, images of damage/destruction, seismograms, etc. These can be great visual aids to get your
point across!
Be sure to make use of various sources and resources! There is an attached resource list on the next two
pages to help get you started. Below are some suggested topics, but feel free to write on any large,
important, or interesting historical quake:
• 1755 Lisbon Earthquake, Portugal
• 1906 San Francisco Earthquake, Northern California
• 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, Northern California
• 1994 Northridge Earthquake, Southern California
• 2011 Tōhoku Earthquake, Japan
• 2004 Sumatra Earthquake, Indonesia
• 1964 Good Friday Earthquake, Alaska
• 2010 Haiti Earthquake, Haiti
• 1960 Valdiva Earthquake, Chile
• 2014 South Napa Earthquake, Northern California
• 1933 Long Beach Earthquake, Southern California
• 1700 Cascadia Earthquake, Northwest US
• 1857 Fort Tejon Earthquake, Southern California
• 2011 Christchurch Earthquake, New Zealand
• 1872 Lone Pine Earthquake, Eastern California
• 2010 Baja California Earthquake, Mexico
• 1992 Landers Earthquake, Mojave Desert, California
• 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake, Japan
• 1811-1812 New Madrid Earthquakes, Missouri
SAMPLE RESOURCES
Overview:
Earthquake Country, an overview of hazards due to earthquakes in southern California:
http://www.earthquakecountry.org/roots/contents.html
Historical Earthquakes Information and Catalogs:
List of historical data and maps for California, provided by the USGS.
https://www.usgs.gov/natural-hazards/earthquake-hazards/science/information-region-california?qt-
science_center_objects=0 – qt-science_center_objects
California earthquake history catalog:
https://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/Pages/Earthquakes/earthquake-catalog.aspx
Chronological Earthquake Index (southern California):
http://scedc.caltech.edu/significant/chron-index.html
Historical Earthquakes and Significant Faults (southern California):
http://scedc.caltech.edu/significant/
Recent earthquakes map search using Google maps:
http://scedc.caltech.edu/recent/
General Seismic Hazards:
Maps for earthquake probability, shaking/liquefaction hazard, and geology (San Francisco bay area):
https://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/urban/sfbay/liquefaction/sfbay/
‘Did You Feel It’ Maps:
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/dyfi/
Interactive map search for natural hazards (earthquake, flood, fire, and tsunami hazards) in your
neighborhood:
http://myhazards.caloes.ca.gov/
ShakeMaps (or ground shaking maps) for earthquakes in CA from 1999-2018:
https://strongmotioncenter.org/shake/archive/
Faults and Fault Activity:
USGS Interactive Fault Map:
https://usgs.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=5a6038b3a1684561a9b0aadf88412f
cf