Category: Education

Give a summary of the case. the key issues involved with the case. how it relates to either the Constitution or the operation of the federal government. Identify the essential facts and the positions of each party to the case. Either include the decision of the court with a brief summary of the opinion and dissent.

Discussion Assignment Instructions
You must then post two replies of 200-300 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of the assigned Module: Week, with the exception of Module 8: Week 8, which is due on Friday. For each thread and reply, any sources used must be cited and referenced in current APA format. 
In your replies, address the person you are replying to, so it will be clear who you are responding to. Note that replies such as “I like what you said,” “That’s a good point,” and “I disagree with your comment” do not count as complete replies. Instead, add substantial supporting thoughts or ideas to elucidate why you agreed with the thread or provide alternative ideas and thoughts to demonstrate why you disagreed.
As one of the goals of Discussions is to encourage student community learning, not every thread will have a response from the instructor. Rather, the instructor will respond to a few threads in a way that adds to the conversation, asks pertinent questions, or summarizes some of the key points made by students.
See the Discussion Grading Rubric for guidance on how your participation will be evaluated.
Response 1:
Amy Cyr 
TuesdayMay 14 at 9:03am
I intend to research the topic of vocabulary instruction delivered to middle school students with special education needs, concentrating on students with learning disabilities. Proverbs 22:6 demonstrates this topic as it states, “Train up a child in the way he should go and when he is old he will not depart from it” (English Standard Version Bible, 2001). The verse states that each child needs guidance along his or her path. This highlights the role of an adult to provide support to learners as they acquire new knowledge, which ultimately results in students encountering success. 
My topic relates to my foundational beliefs around the issue of vocabulary instruction for middle school students as it pertains to students with special education needs. I believe that middle school students with special education needs will benefit significantly from differentiated instructional strategies. This belief is based on my understanding that differentiated instruction offers instruction that is individualized to meet each student’s current level of understanding. Puzio et al. (2020) claim that differentiated instruction is tremendously important for meeting individual students’ learning needs as it seeks to close individual learning gaps. Through the use of differentiated instruction, targeted support can be delivered to address the pre-requisite skills required for comprehension of vocabulary (Puzio et al., 2020).
I believe that by using a multimodal approach, vocabulary acquisition might be greatly improved for students with special education needs. This is possible due to the diverse nature of a multimodal approach, which includes multiple instructional methods. Through an approach that incorporates visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and digital resources,  various learning styles can be addressed within one lesson, which, in turn, means that a student has multiple ways to understand vocabulary concepts (Townsend et al., 2018).  Additionally, Townsend et al. (2018) state that multimodal instruction has a high likelihood of being engaging and appropriate for helping students build their vocabulary.  Through the use of multiple means of instructional modalities, students are able to grasp a deeper understanding of vocabulary concepts as teachers engage them as active participants in their learning (Townsend et al., 2018).
Explicit vocabulary instruction also increases understanding of vocabulary concepts.  I am confident that explicit instruction, including clear explanation, modeling, and guided practice, is necessary for students with special educational needs, especially those with learning disabilities. When it comes to helping a student who has difficulty with vocabulary, Torgesen et al. (2021) claim that explicit instruction is essential. A structured approach with direct support and reinforcement is highly efficient in assisting a student in understanding new vocabulary words (Torgesen et al., 2021).
Students with special education needs, particularly those with a learning disability, need to activate and construct background knowledge. I believe that vocabulary instruction requires connections to be fostered through background knowledge.   McKeown (2019) claims that good vocabulary instruction helps students acquire word knowledge, including how words function in various contexts. Students understand vocabulary better and utilize it in such a way that they connect a new word with something they have experienced or seen in the real world. This is a vital part of vocabulary instruction, and it is essential that educators aid students in making these connections.
In summary,  research indicates that explicit instruction, multimodal instruction, differentiated instruction, and background knowledge have proven beneficial in assisting students with special education needs at the middle school level to improve their vocabulary comprehension. Therefore, educators can make meaningful contributions to broader students’ vocabulary understanding through the integration of these methods.
References
English Standard Version Bible. (2001). ESV Online. https://esv.literalword.com/
McKeown, M. G. (2019). Effective vocabulary instruction fosters knowing words, using words,
and understanding how words work. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools,
50(4), 466-476.
Puzio, K., Colby, G. T., & Algeo-Nichols, D. (2020). Differentiated Literacy Instruction:
Boondoggle or Best Practice? Review of Educational Research., 90(4), 459–498.
https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654320933536
Torgesen, J. K., Wagner, R. K., & Rashotte, C. A. (2021). Prevention and remediation of severe
Reading disabilities: Keeping the end in mind. In Components of Effective Reading 
Intervention (pp. 217-234). Routledge.
Townsend, D., Brock, C., & Morrison, J. D. (2018). Engaging in vocabulary learning in science:
the promise of multimodal instruction. International Journal of Science Education, 40(3),
328–347. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2017.1420267
Response 2:
Topic: Technology
Technology can help students become active participants in the learning process.
Technology can help students develop a better understanding of the material.
Technology can help better serve the diverse learning needs of our students.
Technology can turn traditionally dull subjects into interactive and fun activities.
Technology offers a variety of tools that engage students and encourage active participation in the learning process. Among these tools, interactive learning platforms like Schoology stand out. Schoology provides interactive modules, quizzes, and multimedia content tailored to different learning styles, allowing students to engage with material in diverse ways. According to a study by Biswas (2013), teachers can leverage the Schoology website to manage everyday classroom practices with the aim of enhancing student learning. The study highlights how Schoology’s embedded options not only enhance interactive learning but also connect school stakeholders on a unified platform. Additionally, the platform improves teaching efficiency and helps shape students’ learning and thinking to meet the diverse needs of the community.
Technology is essentail in enhancing students’ comprehension of material, particularly through immediate feedback and assessment. With technology, students receive prompt feedback on assignments, quizzes, and assessments, pinpointing misconceptions and areas for improvement in real time. This timely guidance steers their learning journey and solidifies understanding. Elmahdi and Fawzi (2018) underscore how affordable technologies and software empower teachers to seamlessly integrate formative assessment into instruction, enriching both learning and assessment processes.
Technology plays a huge role in meeting the diverse learning needs of students through personalized learning and accessibility features. From simple solutions like hand grips enabling students with fine motor difficulties to hold pencils, to advanced portable communication devices aiding those with speech and language impairments (Chmiliar & Cheung, 2007), assistive technology spans a wide spectrum. Adaptive learning platforms leverage technology to customize educational content according to each student’s pace, learning style, and individual needs, ensuring tailored instruction and resources. Furthermore, technology incorporates accessibility features such as text-to-speech, speech-to-text, closed captioning, and screen readers, fostering inclusivity by supporting students with varying abilities and overcoming language barriers
Technology offers several strategies to transform traditionally dull subjects into interactive and enjoyable activities, such as gamification. Integrating game elements such as points, badges, leaderboards, and challenges into educational content can make learning more engaging and enjoyable. Educational games and quizzes can turn dull subjects into interactive experiences where students compete, collaborate, and progress through levels while mastering the material. Gamification is also used with virtual simulations to increase learning exposures that help students to gain competency and confidence (Duggal et al., 2021).
“And whatever you do, whether in word or deed, do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him.” – Colossians 3:17 (NIV) This verse emphasizes the importance of engaging in all activities, including learning, with dedication and gratitude. By incorporating technology to enhance education, educators and students can approach their studies with enthusiasm and thankfulness for the opportunities provided through technological advancements.
References 
Bible. (2016). Colossians 3:17. New International Version.
Biswas, S. (2013). Schoology-supported classroom management: A curriculum review. Northwest journal of teacher education, 11(2), 12.
Chmiliar, L., & Cheung, B. (2007). Assistive Technology Training for Teachers–Innovation and Accessibility Online. Developmental Disabilities Bulletin, 35, 18-28.
Duggal, K., Gupta, L. R., & Singh, P. (2021). Gamification and machine learning inspired approach for classroom engagement and learning. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2021, 1-18.
Elmahdi, I., Al-Hattami, A., & Fawzi, H. (2018). Using Technology for Formative Assessment to Improve Students’ Learning. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 17(2), 182-188.

Background
As the Education Specialist on a school site, you will serve as a classroom teacher, someone who collaborates with general education teachers and other instructional support personnel, and/or as someone who administrators, parents, and other teachers will consult with about educational matters relating to all students. In cases where your school’s student population includes students with TBI, students with chronic illnesses, and/or students transitioning back to school from extended hospitalizations or in-home schooling, you should be prepared to advise teachers and parents about students’ specific needs and the unique needs of parents and families so that a healthy and productive home-school partnership can be established. This assignment meets CLOs 4 and 13. Instructions
To successfully complete this assignment, you will plan a 90-minute professional development session for the teachers at your school. Your session will identify the needs of the peers and family members of students who have a TBI (traumatic brain injury), students who are chronically ill, are hospitalized and/or in transition from hospitalization, and/or who have degenerative conditions (e.g., Rhett Syndrome).
ask teachers to apply their understanding of the needs of the peers and family members of students who have a traumatic brain injury, students who are chronically ill, are hospitalized and/or in transition from hospitalization, and/or who have degenerative conditions to their own work with parents and families.
identify essential elements of supportive partnerships with parents, families, and other teachers.
ask your participants to apply their knowledge of the essential elements of supportive partnerships to develop a plan for building partnerships with the parents, families, and teachers they work with to provide instructional, behavioral, social, communication, sensory, and pragmatically appropriate support to students with extensive support needs. The plan for your 90-minute professional development session should have these components.
Title
A 150-word abstract about what your session is about and why this information is important for teachers to know three to four objectives for your session (What do you want the participants to learn or take away from your session)? This can be a bulleted list. Details that create a mental picture showing the progression of the session for the teachers who will be giving up 90 minutes of their workday to learn from you. Will participants be listening to your lecture for 90 minutes? Will participants be working in small break-out groups? Will you include activities and videos for the participants? Explain how teachers after leaving the session will be able to use this new information. Include material you will use (PowerPoint slides, videos, handouts, etc.) and material your participants use (readings, hands-on activities, prompts for table talks, etc.)

Research the appropriate guidelines for selecting toys for young children. This information is available on the Internet and in many early childhood publications. Then, write an essay of at least five (5) fully developed paragraphs, summarizing and explaining at least fifteen (15) guidelines regarding toy safety and developmental appropriateness. As you conduct your research you’ll likely find that there are more guidelines available on choosing safe toys than on choosing developmentally appropriate toys for young children. For this reason, it is recommended that students choose ten (10) guidelines on choosing safe toys and five (5) guidelines on choosing developmentally appropriate toys to discuss within their essay. Keep in mind that the essay should not simply be a re-statement of the researched information. Instead, it’s important to demonstrate your understanding of the information and how it should be applied in selecting toys for young children. This will be written in essay format and will not include any bulleted or numbered lists of guidelines. Each paragraph must consist of 4 to 6 fully developed sentences. Refer to the course resources available on the Early Childhood College Programs and Courses Learning Resource Center for additional guidance on completing this assignment: https://pflibrary.pennfoster.edu/earlychildchoodcenter/ECE130
In your essay, you must include in-text citations in APA format to indicate where the information originated from.

Write an original statement (approximately two pages in length) that defines your personal teaching philosophy as a special education or general education teacher by addressing the following prompts:
What are your beliefs about disability and how do these beliefs impact your work with students?
What mindsets are essential for you to cultivate as an educator? Select at least two mindsets and explain why each is essential to your work with students with disabilities. 
How will you define success as an educator? Be sure to include both your vision for effective work with students with disabilities and for collaborating with families and colleagues.
Upload your statement as a PDF.

You will write a well-developed and thought-out and complete essay that discusses your personal philosophy of education and theorists that have influenced your philosophy. Your essay must: Include personal information, career and educational goals.
Be in APA format in writing the essay and cite any references that are used. APA2021.docx
APA Resource Grammarly:
https://www.grammarly.com/citations/Links to an external site. Be two typed pages.
Select one theorist and their philosophy.
Write about them and how this would influence your teaching practice.

As a teacher, you must understand the relationship between assessment, planning, and instruction in the cycle of effective teaching. Having a toolbelt of assessment and evaluation strategies provides you with the ability to describe the types of assessments available, analyze their reliability and validity, and evaluate the data that they generate. 
For this assessment, you will research assessment information and create a presentation of your findings.  
Scenario
Assume you are the lead teacher of your grade level, and you are preparing a presentation about assessment and evaluation to share with the students’ parents/caregivers during your school’s Curriculum Night.
Preparation
Choose a grade level you want to teach (K–6th grade) and use it as the basis for this summative assessment. 
Research the common types of assessment and how they may be used in the classroom for your selected grade level.  
Assessment Deliverable
Use the Assessment and Evaluation Strategies Presentation Template and create a 12- to 15-slide presentation in which you communicate important assessment information to students’ parents/caregivers during the school’s Curriculum Night. Communicate the assessment information in a way that your audience will be able to understand. 
Include the following information for each corresponding slide in the template and provide supportive examples from your research for each section. While 1 slide is provided in the template, you can add additional slides for each header, as needed. 
Title slide
Role of assessment: Explain the role of assessment and evaluation in the practice of teaching, including:
Relationship among curriculum, assessment, and state standards
Difference between testing and assessment
Difference between assessment and evaluation
Reliability and validity: Explain the significance of reliability and validity in assessment, including:
Definition in relation to assessment for each
Examples of evidence for each 
Use of technology: Describe how technology will be used by teachers and students in classroom assessment, including strategies for maintaining compliance with FERPA.
Assessment types: Describe the following types of assessments, including a description of the assessment type’s purpose, when and how it is used in the classroom, and at least 2 examples of the assessment type.
Formative 
Summative 
Portfolio
Performance
Affective 
Norm-referenced 
Criterion-referenced 
Cite sources to support your summative assessment.
Format your citations and references according to APA guidelines and include a references slide.
Submit your assessment.
Assessment Support
Review the rubric for guidance on deliverable expectations.

I need 1 essay done discussing a special needs i will provide the articles that was read previously that can be use if you have better ones that can be use it would be helpful.
https://learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet02-xythos.content.blackboardcdn.com/61aab133e7df2/77552994?X-Blackboard-S3-Bucket=learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet01-xythos&X-Blackboard-Expiration=1716163200000&X-Blackboard-Signature=C9RYfOp3AhBdPa7uksOJLuOSAUCmYpnzPogLadIN7PQ%3D&X-Blackboard-Client-Id=100211&X-Blackboard-S3-Region=us-east-1&response-cache-control=private%2C%20max-age%3D21600&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27Teaching%2520Children%2520with%2520Loss%2520of%2520Vision.pdf&response-content-type=application%2Fpdf&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEKP%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJGMEQCIFtQAXW30%2BBjefq%2FANYOCfNiLnI1p4Uv0yIT0mUm6oWGAiAzo3AIWRn%2BZ49jet1ft6GVhDV9TwF1g58zC%2Bc4PinpVyqyBQgcEAQaDDYzNTU2NzkyNDE4MyIMyUwB2Lrulg7nbCIAKo8F8zfI%2FHHmz%2FEQ1ymvpEt9vG%2FIeIbdT0EO5%2FA2EmJJXrV2JWhE4DixnX0o9mXSf7tnScIpuqNH8qSd3Jq3OZNKmQAkQvIG0BVrp5Gu2ao0EsQR7jNBsXrH4pTp%2Bcnx1ecOw1%2B8DQIZoD0UHXmzSk6y4DQ3Kga7E8opimSsC72Wsyvb4zqa7e0h7Cjf%2F0XpAOi89sMAfB2f7sv8StNwkgdRV24FaAcsoP0Wlt8BL8Pu7EyLzWbmX2STKTIJQqWrIhes172lwGFqm%2FDCL3KNBOLs9ITpTyJlmCsYkOyN5r3RdOj3gePH2gfPrRzZ4mz86sAjuUOrVm7waWnU6z3p5cxU0UTzAKBDkAzLwzNBCwdoNsP79zs%2BKw9rJVDv8VNXDBmntqnysx275aUfM2GHdxNAKbLtprJxy3TXS%2FA3KMXlDfXsST5zRqC88iFehSvtCTAkyZNo6SuyqPoQAO%2F49A9h2ywWUG7GiPg3DkVykwr9mxKcWEkrPvoFlbu7GiT50BR%2FIHaZwvsphCf7v3QEs1BOMEMu6kDW1VVx93qBbpSRdExVhwCfpNEPKp0Exh2neuybEgf%2BNfjjUWTMuxAXl8Y2LQbB%2FYEwqhOL%2BIfe7MINnI6Gl7Q2fapeUka0flIjBcFSzCbeZcmS2W09d3%2BMnOsvMME4mjr7q9tkNEjfL2fUVrPoYmTV42rGRfHuToXaGxQo59BRMdf2gvVdBTZR6hLa7x9wKOyjtZmjS2jnJBmaiw2e32IpK5a%2BAF0npjuYhvhPn2qVCFeVaml1t6oHhkX3Uyo6t%2FJmncdGXb8C%2BSKJ3oPmcgEJ1KzlBIfovlgS1LDYU9wti4vsGwzU14QfWKa59F7Vf%2F5SzFHT9n2sIpWX2jCFjqmyBjqyAbn%2BPcfT6kk8fTleUVVibVvJydRh7OV1XrM8JaOcEl4zOIlhQm0x1GN9OlJgJyKAFjmbfSc3MxHXQcrQA9gdeEo9XHq%2FkeQ8uKOzPLD%2FRJJ7wHGOPvwipuLU7kfXbn84WDeM%2BL1ikowAalcm%2BMBo1kvNojeEzcVBDcwZjXXyVJ1mMAFWOsy%2F65gs8C17SCpCAtW8nYfZOM7FOTpjlGz9bO6EE9Ef7Fs0n9MnHCKoxyT%2F2Js%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20240519T180000Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=21600&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAZH6WM4PL5FDQX2ON%2F20240519%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=76aca38a8900c82cd72969a8525b3fe1e418993c5227ddcf2886c67a59015434
https://learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet02-xythos.content.blackboardcdn.com/61aab133e7df2/31756676?X-Blackboard-S3-Bucket=learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet01-xythos&X-Blackboard-Expiration=1716163200000&X-Blackboard-Signature=a3Yl3yw8sIjjBCHfGT81%2FAZhj%2FDlz%2B4ql65ZKZybMOs%3D&X-Blackboard-Client-Id=100211&X-Blackboard-S3-Region=us-east-1&response-cache-control=private%2C%20max-age%3D21600&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27Quick%2520adaptations%2520for%2520children%2520in%2520Special%2520Ed%2520settings.pdf&response-content-type=application%2Fpdf&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEKP%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJGMEQCIFtQAXW30%2BBjefq%2FANYOCfNiLnI1p4Uv0yIT0mUm6oWGAiAzo3AIWRn%2BZ49jet1ft6GVhDV9TwF1g58zC%2Bc4PinpVyqyBQgcEAQaDDYzNTU2NzkyNDE4MyIMyUwB2Lrulg7nbCIAKo8F8zfI%2FHHmz%2FEQ1ymvpEt9vG%2FIeIbdT0EO5%2FA2EmJJXrV2JWhE4DixnX0o9mXSf7tnScIpuqNH8qSd3Jq3OZNKmQAkQvIG0BVrp5Gu2ao0EsQR7jNBsXrH4pTp%2Bcnx1ecOw1%2B8DQIZoD0UHXmzSk6y4DQ3Kga7E8opimSsC72Wsyvb4zqa7e0h7Cjf%2F0XpAOi89sMAfB2f7sv8StNwkgdRV24FaAcsoP0Wlt8BL8Pu7EyLzWbmX2STKTIJQqWrIhes172lwGFqm%2FDCL3KNBOLs9ITpTyJlmCsYkOyN5r3RdOj3gePH2gfPrRzZ4mz86sAjuUOrVm7waWnU6z3p5cxU0UTzAKBDkAzLwzNBCwdoNsP79zs%2BKw9rJVDv8VNXDBmntqnysx275aUfM2GHdxNAKbLtprJxy3TXS%2FA3KMXlDfXsST5zRqC88iFehSvtCTAkyZNo6SuyqPoQAO%2F49A9h2ywWUG7GiPg3DkVykwr9mxKcWEkrPvoFlbu7GiT50BR%2FIHaZwvsphCf7v3QEs1BOMEMu6kDW1VVx93qBbpSRdExVhwCfpNEPKp0Exh2neuybEgf%2BNfjjUWTMuxAXl8Y2LQbB%2FYEwqhOL%2BIfe7MINnI6Gl7Q2fapeUka0flIjBcFSzCbeZcmS2W09d3%2BMnOsvMME4mjr7q9tkNEjfL2fUVrPoYmTV42rGRfHuToXaGxQo59BRMdf2gvVdBTZR6hLa7x9wKOyjtZmjS2jnJBmaiw2e32IpK5a%2BAF0npjuYhvhPn2qVCFeVaml1t6oHhkX3Uyo6t%2FJmncdGXb8C%2BSKJ3oPmcgEJ1KzlBIfovlgS1LDYU9wti4vsGwzU14QfWKa59F7Vf%2F5SzFHT9n2sIpWX2jCFjqmyBjqyAbn%2BPcfT6kk8fTleUVVibVvJydRh7OV1XrM8JaOcEl4zOIlhQm0x1GN9OlJgJyKAFjmbfSc3MxHXQcrQA9gdeEo9XHq%2FkeQ8uKOzPLD%2FRJJ7wHGOPvwipuLU7kfXbn84WDeM%2BL1ikowAalcm%2BMBo1kvNojeEzcVBDcwZjXXyVJ1mMAFWOsy%2F65gs8C17SCpCAtW8nYfZOM7FOTpjlGz9bO6EE9Ef7Fs0n9MnHCKoxyT%2F2Js%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20240519T180000Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=21600&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAZH6WM4PL5FDQX2ON%2F20240519%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=3839faca74ab5131a11aa2809f18c9b2a28435a2a4edcbb260ce8000ae0bd11f

Explain how the higher education industry is similar to a marketplace using terms and concepts
commonly used by economists. For example, how do concepts such as demand and supply,
buyers and sellers, and competition and production relate to our study of the economics of higher
education? Throughout this course, you will gain a sharper understanding that economics and
budgeting are primarily about making decisions and planning ahead. What are some biblical
principles that can be applied to making choices and planning?
Support your discussion from a biblical worldview with specific Scripture passages. The paper
must include at least 3 references in addition to the Bible. Be sure to clearly identify major parts
of your paper using section headings. The body of the paper must be 1,000–1,200 words.
This assignment must reflect current APA style, which includes, but is not limited to, using one
inch margins on all sides, 12-point Times New Roman font, consecutive page numbers in the
upper right corner of the header, a title page, an abstract, and a reference page.

Goal: To establish foundational knowledge regarding ethical issues within educational institutions.
Tasks: Research the landscape of Ethics in education.
Assessment Criteria: Evaluate the depth and accuracy of the research undertaken.