Category: Criminology

The paper aims to analyze gender dynamics within legal proceedings in cooperate crime.
I will provide you with the layout of the paper. the way it is structured, the topic, the information, and a few sources to be used; you basically just have to write the paper with all the info I gave you. i did most of the research

Research Topic: What is causing the racial disparities between African
American offenders and their counterparts, and how can we reduce these rates?
Read the article and complete an analysis based on information within the article. This assignment requires atleast 2 pages, no more than 3 pages of CONTENT.
1.) Problem or theory – summarize your response to the following questions:
What specifically is the problem being examined in the study?
Why is it important and how is it a problem?
If a theory is being tested, what is it and why is it relevant?
What is the hypothesis of the study?
2.) Literature review – briefly summarize the literature or other relevant studies in the areas that are covered by the author (~ 2 or 3 sentences)
3.) Data collection – summarize your response to the following questions:
What kind of sample was used?
How was the data collected? Was the process explained clearly enough where you could replicate the study (with the author’s permission)?
Did the data collection methods seem appropriate to the hypothesis?
Does this data collection plan help to advance the knowledge in the field based on previous studies and their data collection methods?
How many people participated? Is the sample large enough to represent the population? Did they sign an informed consent?
Could other data collection instruments be used?
4.) Findings and conclusions – summarize your response to the following questions:
How was the data analyzed?
What did the author discover in the analysis?
What conclusions are reached?
5.) Evaluation of the study
How useful is the study presented in the article?
What are the limitations and criticisms of the study?
Did the author(s) accomplish what they intended to do?

In March of 1991 the nation was captivated by a video of police officers in Los Angeles, California as they were attempting to arrest Rodney King. Several officers were involved after King initially evaded police and led them on a chase that started on Interstate 210, covered more than 10 miles and exceeded speeds of 80 MPH through residential streets, ending when officers were able to block King and his two passengers at an intersection. A man (George Holliday) who lived nearby, filmed the encounter and offered it to police before providing it to a local television station when the police were not interested in seeing the video. This case was one of the earliest examples of modern surveillance, where incidents involving the police are recorded with video cameras and more recently, cell phones.
Police use of force is perhaps the most polarizing issue within the field of criminal justice today. Few actions are more difficult than having maybe five seconds to make a potentially life-threatening decision and then having that action scrutinized by others for weeks or months. Some departments employ a use of force continuum while others make use of other methods to assist officers in making decisions to elevate the amount of force necessary to make an arrest.  Most police officers like to know they have backup available if needed.  Does it always help? Does it make things worse at times? Does having additional officers present change the way one may interact with a subject? Consider the case of Eric Garner from 2014; often when multiple officers are attempting to subdue a suspect, one may not know when the suspect is resisting and when another officer is exerting force. Are the cell phone videos of bystanders sufficient to provide an accurate and adequate perspective?  Typically, those videos do not begin until after the crisis has already started, potentially missing key events.
According to Black (1976), police are more likely to use force based on the attributes of the concerned parties. This sociological theory of law prescribes that police are least likely to take corrective action against lower status persons, particularly minorities and the poor, when the accusers are also of lower status. Similarly, they are more likely to take action against lower status persons whose accusers are of a higher status. Your text introduces the concept of deindividuation in chapter 10. Used primarily to explain group behavior, it may also have implications with police officers in certain crisis situations. In Festinger’s (1952) seminal work, he argued that deindividuation occurs when individuals immerse themselves in the group to the point of losing some sense of self, becoming anonymous and doing things they would not likely do if alone. Closely related to contagion, also discussed in your text, this may help to explain what happens in crisis events such as the one discussed above.
Consider the case of Amadou Diallo as you address the discussion thread this module: 
Do you think deindividuation or contagion applied to the case of Rodney King and/or Diallo? Did responding officers act in accordance with accepted use of force standards?
What is the responsibility of police leadership when their officers are accused of excessive use of force?

OVERVIEW
Advocates and activities have fought for years to ensure victims are afforded rights, as not having their rights protected can be a form of victimization. Consequently, rights have been afforded to victims through legislation, and in 32 states, through victim rights amendments to the state constitution. As you have read in Chapter 6, their rights vary from state to state, as there are not clearly defined rights in the Constitution. In this assignment, you will review the rights afforded to victims in your state and take a position on whether your state is doing enough to ensure victims are afforded rights. The purpose of a position paper is to generate support on an issue. It describes a position and the rational for that position. While it is your position, the position paper is based on facts that provide a solid foundation for your argument. In the position paper you should: • State your position clearly.
• Validate your position with course material (presentations, textbook, and scholarly sources). • Examine the strengths and weaknesses of your position. • Present arguments in support of and against your position.
• Depending on your position, provide recommendations.
INSTRUCTIONS
• Paper should be 5-6 double-spaced pages of content in length (this does not include title page or reference pages). An Abstract is not necessary.
o Paper should be in current APA format.
o Headings should be included and must conform to the content categories listed
 Your position
 Strengths and Weaknesses
 Arguments and Support  Recommendations
• All ideas shared should be supported with sound reason and citations from the required readings and presentations, and additional resources. • 6-8 additional scholarly sources must be used. They need to be scholarly and provide relevant information regarding your position. • Integrate Biblical principles within the analysis of the paper.
• Unacceptable sources (Wikipedia, dictionaries, encyclopedias, and websites).
• Acceptable sources (scholarly articles published within the last eight years).
Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.

JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW: GROUP DYNAMICS ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS
OVERVIEW
Group dynamics is a much-studied subject in the disciplines of sociology and psychology. Most academic curricula include courses in the study of how group dynamics can impact our actions and decision making. Within the law enforcement discipline, there are two areas of particular importance. One is called deindividuation, or the phenomenon that takes place when an individual takes on the personality of the group during a demonstration, riot, or any similar activity. This typically manifests itself in the individual doing things he or she would never do if not in a group. This is of significance during the aforementioned events but can be an issue when groups of law enforcement officers respond to crisis. The other concept is referred to as contagious fire, or what happens when one officer fires a weapon and others also fire even though they are not aware of the justification for shooting. Many in law enforcement deny the phenomenon even exists and often, police shootings are mischaracterized as contagious when they are not. Several officers shooting their weapons at the same time is not contagious fire if they are all reacting to a known and identified deadly threat. The student will analyze an article that addresses either phenomenon and provide a review of the article and its impact on law enforcement crisis intervention.
INSTRUCTIONS
For this assignment, you will select a peer reviewed journal article from one of the databases located in the University’s online library. The article will relate in some way to the reading material (use of force) you have reviewed for this module. After you read the article, download the Journal Article Review Template. Then, complete a Journal Article Review for the article you read. You are not reviewing the article in the sense that you are assessing it, but you are reviewing it so you can provide analysis and relate to your reader the main point and how they relate to the area of crisis intervention. The assignment is not to be too much shorter or longer than the example in the template. Ensure that you focus on the critical thinking piece of discussing implications the article has on criminal justice as this is the most important aspect of this process. How does the article’s content relate to the field of law enforcement? How does it influence policy and practice? This can be accomplished in the comments, recommendations, and conclusion sections of the assignment. Use an APA citation for the article you choose; you may provide additional reference support if you choose to, but it is not required.
Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.

Read the scenario, Off the Rails: A Troubled Criminal Justice Agency. (Also attached below)
Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper assessing the situation at the detention center. Include a discussion of the following questions:
How does the lack of leadership from the chief executive affect an organization? Can other sources provide leadership?
Who are constituents of the detention center? How are they affected by the situation?
What is the result when supervisors focus on process instead of people?
What trends found in Ch. 3 of Managing Police Organizations should the detention center embrace? How would you go about implementing them?
What does the research on leadership described in Ch. 7 of Criminal Justice Organizations suggest needs to change at the detention center? What attributes of leaders is suggested?
Include at least one scholarly source in addition to the two textbooks. Include at LEAST TWO (2) citations from a source(s) in the body of your paper.
Format your paper according to APA guidelines. A paper template is provided below if you choose to use it.
Submit your assignment.

Propose a memo for a policy-making body — in the US or UN or perhaps an IGO or NGO — to minimize or mitigate your transnational crime group. Make sure your policy recommendation addresses the problems that you identified in the conclusions of the case study. Think about the causes and effects of your group; try to associate your policy ideas to resolve the foundations of your group and/or the results of your group.  
Include a conclusion about the likelihood of your recommendation being enacted in the policy making body to which you addressed your policy idea. Be sure to cite sources/facts/statistics/information, and use headings to separate your ideas. 
Technical Requirements:
Paper must be 9 PAGES (no title page)
Scholarly and credible references should be used. At least 6 scholarly sources are required to be used for this assignment. APA
Type in Times New Roman, 12 point and double space.

Do you believe there is still an accountability issue within public safety as a whole? Why or why not? (One paragraph) Do you believe public safety employees should be held to a higher standard than the regular public? Why or why not? (One paragraph)
Discuss in another paragraph a recent incident where a public safety member was held accountable for their actions. Were they in the right or were they wrong?
please don’t talk about the Derek Chauvin case therefore I already have on this assignment I need new materials. Maybe talk about the Michael Brown case and accountability of that case!

Provide a topic (organized crime) and the two theories (Rational Choice & Social Learning) you intend to use to help shed light on that topic. 
Final proofed version of your paper with at least 10 full in-text citations and matching reference page(s). 
Between 8-10 (double-space) full pages of text. 
Citation Style and Supporting Evidence: 
Part III of the paper should contain at least 10 scholarly referred journals, academic books and/or other appropriate sources.  All material that is not common knowledge, such as who the President of the United States is, needs to be cited. 
Cite all your sources using ASA citation style. If you aren’t familiar with the intricacies of citation styles, there are plenty of resources on the internet that will help you and, in the following pages, I have included information on how to do this.

Pick one of the Case Studies, Why Do They Do it, or Applying Theory to Crime Scenarios Presented in Chapters 10 & 13 of the Shram and Tibbetts textbook listed below and respond to the question(s) located at the end of the case study/Applying Theory to Crime Scenario.  In answering the questions, be sure to justify your response by referencing the assigned readings and materials from the module. 
Options:
Case Study – The Bogles (Chapter 10, page 231)
Applying Theory to Crime: Murder (Chapter 10, pages 240-241)
Why Do They Do It? Jesse Pomeroy (Chapter 10, page 263)
Case Study – The Teen Burglar (Chapter 13, page 329)
Why Do They Do It? Henry Earl (Chapter 13, page 336)
Applying Theory to Crime: Arson (Chapter 13, page 338)