Category: Criminology

My essay is attached to this. Please write one more page based on me essay. the only information you can get is the sources I used in the reference. Please write it in the same format, I just need one more page to write 

Essay: Describe the arguement that consumer behaviour associated with consumption leads to uneven patterns of waste.
Information source, chapters 5,6 & 8 understanding social lives. 

Topic:
It is often difficult for offenders to adjust after
incarceration. The Second Chance Act rejects the notion that recidivism
reduction is best achieved through deterrent threats alone. Explain the Second
Chance Act and defend your views on how recidivism reduction can best be
achieved.
Each thread must be 400 – 550 words and must support your assertions with at least 3 citations in current APA format. Lastly please incorporate a biblical perspective

Essay
Value: 50%
Length: 2000 words
The essay is the major piece of work for the semester and marks the culmination of the one of the given questions and be sure to answer all aspects referred to in the question. consult your tutor for further guidance.
Things to keep in mind:
Reflect on your feedback from the Annotated Poster. This first task is intended to help you better respond to your chosen question. Before you begin your essay, please take time to remind yourself of the strengths and weaknesses of your poster and incorporate this feedback accordingly. ( I HAVE ATTACHED MY POSTER)
(FEEDBACK I RECEIVED
Hi Anthony,
This is a great start for thinking through your essay question!
This assignment could have been improved by focusing on the following areas:
– Indigenous with a capital letter
– You must have a minimum of four academic resources; two academic from Leganto.
– Work on the multimodality in the poster to try to convey your ideas clearly. For example, the graph is a little difficult to read.
– Reflect on your poster’s visual/multimodal meaning, what data/empirical support you will draw on for the poster, crime/case studies/examples, and your key points.
– Find data/statistics to support your claims empirically.
– What examples will you be analysing in the essay?
– Perhaps frame your essay within the broader context of neoliberalism?
– What theory /theories will you draw on for theoretical support in the essay?
– Proofread your final draft to check for typos and grammatical errors. Read aloud to yourself or ask a friend/peer to read through the final draft.
– Italicize the book title.
– Italicize the journal title.
Perhaps include the Week 1 reading by Cunneen? (Have attached this reading in the attachments)
END OF FEEDBACK
Take the time to plan properly. A 2000-word essay is a substantial piece of writing but, once you break it up into components pieces, it is less space than you might think. Paragraphs should generally be around 200-300 words, and you may wish to use subheadings to structure your essay.
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Engage in course material. Unless you have evidenced sustained and detail engagement with the core topics that we have covered over the course of unit, then you will not be able to pass the unit. Independent research is important, but the foundation to demonstrating an understanding and meeting the assessment criteria is engaging in the range of themes and debates we have covered within PICT1030. All the resources included on Leganto as well as the reference list in each lecture have been compiled to aid your learning. (Have attached some the main texbook which i really need you to refrence is Title: Crime, criminality and criminal justice
Book Author: White, R. D.
ISBN: 019031009X; 9780190310097
Edition: Third edition.; Third edition. its the last one in the bilbiography on my poster PLEASE USE THIS)
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Back up your claims with research. This means not only making a claim but also supporting that claim with evidence (i.e. references to scholarly sources). Good essays are well-supported by research. Aim to include 2-3 references in each paragraph in the body of your essay and are structured around PEELE (Point / Explain / Evaluate / Link).
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Start writing early. A 2000-word essay takes time to put together and you may find that your approach changes as you conduct your research.
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Use appropriate sources, particularly peer-reviewed journal articles and books. You may use other sources to provide supporting information (e.g. the ABS or BOCSAR sites for crime statistics). Include at least 8 references in your research essay.
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Do not use non-scholarly sources, e.g. random websites, Wikipedia, etc. Also remember that this is a research essay – we want to see how well you can find your own information. This means we want to see referencing beyond the resources that we have given to you (i.e. your course textbook and required readings).
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Reference properly. The required referencing style is APA – the same as for the annotated poster. The main thing is to be consistent, but remember that material that is not referenced properly may breach your responsibilities regarding academic honesty. More details about how to reference properly can be found on the iLearn page. The library also runs courses on referencing if you would like more detailed advice.
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Discuss your essay plan and any potential problematic issues with your tutor. They can provide you with specific advice about your chosen topic and advise you on the best approaches to take.
Essay Questions
1. What are the limitations of ‘crime’ as a concept and what possibilities might an analysis of ‘social harm’ offer as an alternative?
2. Lawyer and activist, Noel Pearson, has described Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as the most incarcerated population on Earth. What does this say about the nature of Australia’s criminal justice system?
3. What is the ‘ideal victim’ and, focusing on both those included and excluded, how does it shape our understanding crime in the media?
4. Nurse (2017) states that, “A central discussion within green criminology is that of whether environmental harm rather than environmental crime should be its focus”. What are the arguments on each side, and which do you think is more productive going forward and why?
5. Criminology has been described as a ‘rendezvous discipline’ (see Young, 2003). What does this mean and how does it shape, positively and negatively, the discipline’s focus?
6. What benefits would there be for classifying drug abuse as a ‘health problem’ rather than a ‘crime problem’? Can other contemporary issues be ameliorated by such an approach?
7. An overwhelming majority of women in prison today have experienced some form of past abuse (see Hatty, 1997; Dobash & Dobash, 2004). What does this say about the role of prisons and punishment, specifically for women, in society today?
8. What is ‘intersectionality’ and why does it matter in criminological research?
9. Why has criminology as a discipline largely overlooked crimes of the powerful?

Learning outcomes:
1
Compare and contrast the relative contributions of different theories of white-collar, corporate and state crime.
2
Appreciate the bias and difficulties in identifying, defining and prosecuting crimes of the powerful.
3
Critically examine the way criminal behaviour has been constructed and conceptualised, with particular reference to white-collar, corporate and state crime.
4
Distinguish the serious and disproportionate contribution of crimes of the powerful compared to ordinary crimes, the ‘protected’ status of perpetrators and legal responses.
Essays should include both theory and examples/case studies. Emphasis should fall on analysis that demonstrates the achievement of the learning outcomes for this module. Arguments should be backed up, and sources should be referenced.
To understand the causes and consequences of white-collar, corporate and state crime through a reflection on the existing hierarchy of values, status and power, as well as to uncover how that hierarchy is conditioned by global, neoliberal capitalist economic structures.
•Suggestions to include:
•Discussion of Sutherland’s idea of white-collar crime (and later concepts such as corporate crime/crimes of the powerful) and the idea of crime being something that can be committed by an organisation as well as an individual 
•Concept of crime as social harm – remember, you are encouraged to think about crime beyond ‘legal’ definitions, so you can use case studies such as the financial crisis even if actions were not strictly illegal. (week 3 readings)
•Sutherland failed to explain the role of organisations and systemic failures (i.e. of global capitalist neoliberalism – see readings on week 6 and 7) so you will need to look at these, explain their key features, and their effects in terms of what role the system itself plays in developing criminality – processes such as financial deregulation and its consequences (as it is criminogenic)
•Capitalism and Neoliberalism (define, discuss and apply these concepts) and their ideologies of greed, self-interest
•Capitalism’s constant need to expand/compete with other capitalists and how these systemic factors logically compel corporations to behave unethically or commit crimes (little serious attention given to business ethics for example)
•The corporation itself and its ethos of ‘greed is good’
•The secretive nature of the corporation, encouraging loyalty to the shareholders at all costs, demanding conformity to group norms and the resulting distorted decision making (case studies/examples e.g. Madoff) (also see week five readings – toxic corporate culture, organizational crime)
•Typical response of the criminal justice system is to understand and prosecute such crimes (economic crimes) as crimes of the individual rather than crimes of the system itself (give examples/case studies) 
•Theories that might help to explain the behaviour of individuals within corporations (e.g. differential association) and corporation’s excusing their actions etc. (e.g. techniques of neutralisation – week 5 readings)
•The ‘rotten apple’ approach rather than the ‘rotten barrel’ approach – is it easier to blame individuals than face up to the notion that the system itself is criminogenic?
(Remember it must be a critical essay which includes a discussion about whether white collar crime is a result of individual corruption (e.g. theories of neutralisation and differential association to explain why they commit the crime) or systemic failure (e.g. how capitalism and neoliberalism lead to crime through- toxic corporate culture, government dysregulation of finances and CJS focus on lower class crimes and their failings to combat crimes of powerful).
It should include multiple case studies of white-collar crime but don’t describe these with immense detail, they should be described in around 1 sentence to then use that to back up the point that has been made and link it to the relevant theory that is being discussed in the section (Find this info on key themes of essay: relevant info for this essay question should be found from the slides 1-18 and then specifics for this essay are under question 3 (slides 23-24) 
-all lecture slides provided have some relevant info to the essay but you have to take out the necessary info to include and also the module handbook helps to understand the marking criteria, what learning outcomes are and any info around requirement of the essay that may be helpful.

Final Paper:
During the course of this class, we have discussed theories and how this relates to individuals committing crime. Theories are also used to explain how people make decisions and effect behavior. You will now complete an application paper applying one of the theories we discussed in class to a fictional criminal/villain. Tell me about the character, their motivations, and what makes them a villain? What theory applies to this character’s actions? Explain your choice. Using your theory, explain what could have been done to prevent them from becoming a villain? These are examples of the questions that need to be addressed in your paper.
The structure for the paper:
Title Page – including title, name, date, school, class (CRMJ 305)
Introduction
Inform the reader of the topic you are going to write about
Include a thesis statement
What you will cover in this paper
Ex: This paper will discuss the elements of _____ theory and how that theory pertains to the character of _________.
Body of Paper
Discuss character chosen – brief explanation of character background, crimes committed, and the motivations behind their crimes.
How the chosen theory relates to this character – use examples.
Include a brief explanation of the chosen theory – be thorough.
Explain how the character’s criminal involvement could have been prevented.
Also discuss how they would be treated in the criminal justice system if this were to happen in the real world.
Conclusion
Summarize the points you have made in the paper.
The theory you chose and why it pertained to this character.
Reference Page
APA format
Formatting Guidelines of the Paper:
3-6 pages (minimum of 3 FULL pages – NOT 2 ½!) not including title and reference page
Double spaced, 12-point font, Times New Roman, 1” margins, numbered pages
Minimum of 2 references relating to your chosen theory and your character.
You can use websites, media content (movie, TV), and scholarly articles. Don’t use Wikipedia
Was thinking of using Strain Theory to describe why the Joker, Joacquin Phoenix, commited the crimes that he did.  

No discussion of critical issues in policing would be complete without at least a brief look at the impact of advancing technology on the field. Among the advances with which we are all familiar are such things as the increasing uses of computers, of 911 and reverse 911 phone services, of cell phones, of less-than-lethal weapons, and of video cameras in patrol vehicles. In addition, police continue to use Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to pinpoint the location of suspects and evidence and/or to assist in analyzing data to determine where crimes are occurring. All of these devices and technologies help the police become more effective and efficient in performing their duties. While reviewing all recent technological innovations of the past decade is impossible in the limited framework of one lesson, we touched on several more interesting advances and some of their consequences. Remember, these advances in technology will affect the whole of society and will require a commitment on the part of professional police personnel to develop responsible information management policies for the future. The opportunities presented by instantaneous communication among police agencies at all levels and in diverse geographic areas are indeed exciting. Yet the challenges of developing a system in which information flows freely among agencies while reconciling the right to privacy with police needs to know will not be easily met. There is at least a chance that, as the gap between technology available to industry and that available to the police narrows, the possibility of an electronic ‘Big Brother’ society and the subsequent erosion of personal privacy rights will increase. For police chiefs, budgeting for these technological advances would be a significant concern. Some personnel may resist adopting new devices or software and feel stressed about learning how to use the tech quickly. When considering where law enforcement is headed in the next five years and beyond, embracing technology is another key challenge. Innovations can happen quickly; name three of these new technologies you feel have the potential to help reduce crime and keep the community safe. 
Then, discuss the following: 
Do you feel Biometrics, such as hand-held scanners and facial recognition tools, should be used by the police? What may be two advantages and two disadvantages of using the technology? 
Provide your thoughts on Gunshot Detectors, sensors, and mapping technologies that can detect gunshots within specific high-crime areas and dispatch the police without a call for service being received. 
Provide your thoughts on using Police Drones, drones that can take photos of crime scenes and survey search areas. (However, they also see into areas people may expect privacy in.) 
Do the costs and benefits warrant the use of this technology? Provide your thoughts on the use of technology to reduce Vehicle Pursuit Darts, such as foam darts that can be released by police vehicles and attach to a vehicle, allowing officers to track their movements with GPS. 
Are there any legal concerns with this type of technology?
Response should demonstrate thoughtful consideration of the ideas and concepts presented in the course by providing new thoughts and insights relating directly to this topic. Your response should reflect scholarly writing and current APA standards where appropriate. 

The paper should include an
overview of the subject and major relevant points relative to economic, social and/or legal implications or
impacts. Moreover, the paper should incorporate the role of the Saint Leo University core value of
Community as it relates to local response to terrorism (e.g., mutual aid agreements, regionalization
approaches, multi-jurisdictional training or exercises, cross-discipline training or exercises, interoperable
communications, etc) The paper has a required minimum length of 2500 words and must conform to APA style and formatting.
This includes a running head, page numbers, cover page, abstract, introduction, body, summary of
findings, conclusion, in-text citations, and reference page. Non-APA formatted papers will receive an
automatic 25 point reduction. A minimum of five references are required, with no more than two from Internet sources. Additional
grading criteria will include clarity of presentation, quality of content, mastery of content, care and
attention to detail, organization, originality of presentation, and the value and interest of the presentation,
as well as proper grammar and punctuation. A grading rubric is available in the course Doc Sharing
section.
The assignment must be your original work. You are required to use no more than 15% of others quoted
work when completing any assignments within this course of study. Your research paper must therefore
be 85% original. No previously submitted papers, articles, reports or project, in whole or in part, to any
university or college will be accepted.

Part I
The Fourth Amendment sets limitations
to stop and frisk and arrests. It also affords individuals to be protected
against unreasonable searches and seizures. This discussion asks you to
examine probable cause and illegal searches and seizures.
Please thoroughly discuss each of the
following:
A police officer must have probable cause to
arrest an individual.  How much probable cause is needed to secure an
arrest or search warrant? What is the difference between a stop, a frisk,
and an arrest? 
What is the exclusionary rule? Discuss the
exceptions to the exclusionary rule.
Part II
Using the facts provided to you in the
Week One discussion, answer the following questions:
1) Did the police have probable cause
to arrest Mayo?
2) Did law enforcement violate Mayo’s
constitutional rights? If yes, explain how. If not, explain why.
3) Were the police required to read
Mayo his Miranda Rights? Discuss why.

Write a 500 word case brief for Chisholm v. Georgia, 2 U.S. 419 ….Please search for it on your own and read the opinion (or more likely a condensed version of the opinion.)  Please note that there are many briefs of the opinion online.  I would encourage you to avoid reading just a brief – find the actual opinion. More importantly, do not use a brief you find online – create your own.