Category: Chemistry

Part 1. Using the data and observations in the table below, create a heating curve for hydrogen that Dr. Wong can reference during his laboratory testing. Be sure to include and label the following items in your heating curve:
Create temperature and time intervals that are appropriate for the data.
Don’t start the temperature on the graph at 0 °C because the time intervals will be too large for the hydrogen data.
Label the melting and boiling points on the curve.
Label the three states and the two transition phases on the curve.
Heating data:Time (Minutes)Observations
0:00Hydrogen is a solid at −263 °C. Heat is added to sample.
2:43Hydrogen begins to change into a liquid at −259 °C.
6:15Temperature of the liquid begins to increase.
10:36Hydrogen begins to form a gas at −253 °C.
14:01Temperature of the gas begins to increase.
18:00Final temperature of hydrogen gas is −245 °C.
Part 2. Create a model of the atoms of a substance moving through the solid, liquid, and gas states. This can be a physical model using household or crafting items or a colorful diagram, illustration, or animation. You can be as creative as you want. Be sure to include and label the following items in your model:
the three states of matter
movement and spacing of molecules
loss or gain of kinetic energy and temperature
transfer of heat
breaking or building of intermolecular bonds
Include one paragraph to explain the movement of energy during phase transitions.

Describe a time when you needed to admit to others that you had made a mistake. How did you handle the situation?

FILL OUT THE CELL MAP ATTACHED; PLEASE INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
GLYCOLYSIS and GLUCONEOGENESIS
-Show the electron carriers
-Show the structure and names of the substrates
-Include the names of the enzymes that are regulated
-Show how reducing equivalents produced in glycolysis reach the Electron Transport Chain in the mitochondria
2. FATTY ACID CATABOLISM
-Show the structures of the substrates and names of the enzymes in the Carnitine shuttle
-Show the structures of the substrates and the electron carriers of the Beta-oxidation Pathway
3. FATTY ACID SYNTHASE
-Show the structures of the substrates and electron carriers for one cycle
-Show how Acetyl-CoA is shuttled from the mitochondria to the cytosol
4. CITRIC ACID CYCLE
-Show the structures of the substrates, the electron carriers, and the products of the Citric Acid Cycle
5. OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION 
– Show the major players of the Electron Transport Chain and ATP synthase
– Remember in that section (Ox. Phos.) the black arrows represent movement of carbon, the blue arrows represent movement of electrons, and the pink arrows represent movement of protons

This is a research proposal. Please follow the attached template. Once accepted a detailed 12 page extended essay needs to be submitted later.

Why is the ability to solve problems important in the study of chemistry? Why is it that the method used to attack a problem is as important as the answer to the problem itself?

Zinc is a trace mineral, meaning that the body only needs small amounts, and yet it is necessary for almost 100 enzymes to carry out vital chemical reactions. It is a major player in the creation of DNA, growth of cells, building proteins, healing damaged tissue, and supporting a healthy immune system. [1] Because it helps cells to grow and multiply, adequate zinc is required during times of rapid growth, such as childhood, adolescence, and pregnancy. Zinc is also involved with the senses of taste and smell. RDA: The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for adults 19+ years is 11 mg a day for men and 8 mg for women. Pregnancy and lactation requires slightly more at 11 mg and 12 mg, respectively.
UL: The Tolerable Upper Intake Level is the maximum daily intake unlikely to cause harmful effects on health. The UL for zinc is 40 mg daily for all males and females ages 19+ years. Meats, poultry, and seafood are rich in zinc. Some plant foods like legumes and whole grains are also good sources of zinc, but they also contain phytates that can bind to the mineral, lowering its absorption. Zinc is available in supplement form as pills and lozenges. Excess zinc can interfere with the absorption of iron and copper. High doses can also cause nausea and even vomiting. Therefore it is important not to take supplemental zinc unless it is known that the diet is low in foods containing zinc or a zinc deficiency is confirmed. A registered dietitian can help to evaluate one’s diet and determine if zinc intake is low. A zinc deficiency is rare and is seen most commonly in people who do not absorb zinc well due to digestive disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases or who have undergone gastrointestinal surgery. Those with chronic liver or kidney disease are also at risk. Excessive or prolonged diarrhea can lead to a zinc deficiency, as well as severe conditions with increased zinc needs like burns and sepsis (an infection caused by harmful bacteria entering the blood). Zinc is more efficiently absorbed when taken in smaller doses and in people who are deficient in the mineral. Zinc oxide was used in ointments to treat wounds, as noted in ancient Greek medical texts. Today, zinc oxide is still a popular over-the-counter treatment skin treatment. It can defend against sunburns by reflecting and scattering ultraviolet rays so they do not penetrate the skin. It is also used to treat inflamed skin conditions like burns, eczema, bedsores, and diaper rash. The compound forms a protective barrier on the skin’s surface, repelling away moisture and allowing the skin to heal. It may also aid enzymes to break down damaged collagen tissue so that new tissue can be formed. No negative side effects have been reported. What is the source of this chemical (where does it come from in the body?
What is the composition of this chemical? What is it made from?
What is the purpose or function of this chemical. How does it work?
Is there anyway that we know of to strengthen or help the body to produce more of this chemical.
Is there anything that we know of that hinders or destroys or presents a danger to this chemical?

Answer the questions
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a. When treated with sodium borohydride, D-glucose is converted into an alditol. Draw the structure of
the alditol. b. When D-galactose is heated in the presence of nitric acid, an optically inactive compound is obtained.
Draw the structure of the product and explain why it is optically inactive.

10. Isomaltose is similar in structure to maltose, except that it is an alpha-1,6 glycoside, rather than an alpha1,4 glycoside. Draw the structure of isomaltose.

Journal article outline: Abstract, Introduction, Material and methods, Result (I will upload the laboratory result of cocaine detection by LC-MS technique), Discussion, and Conclusion, finally Referances.