Author: admin

This the book we use for this class:
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY; THE UNITY OF FORM AND FUNCTION (LL)
Scenario/Summary
Mrs.
Johnson, a 62-year-old woman, presents to her primary care physician with
complaints of persistent joint pain and stiffness, particularly in her knees
and hands. She reports that the pain is worse in the morning and improves
throughout the day with movement. Mrs. Johnson mentions that the symptoms have
been gradually progressing over the past several years, impacting her ability
to engage in activities she once enjoyed, such as walking and gardening.
Upon
examination, the physician observes joint tenderness, swelling, and crepitus in
Mrs. Johnson’s knees and hands. There are no signs of significant joint warmth
or redness. Her medical history reveals a long-standing history of overweight
and a family history of osteoarthritis. X-rays of the affected joints show
joint space narrowing, osteophyte (bone spur) formation, and subchondral
sclerosis – characteristic features of osteoarthritis.
The
physician discusses the diagnosis of osteoarthritis with Mrs. Johnson,
explaining that it is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the
breakdown of cartilage and changes to the underlying bone. The risk factors,
including age, obesity, and family history, are discussed.
Discussion:
Osteoarthritis
is characterized by the degeneration of the articular cartilage that lines the
bony ends, where two bones touch; the resulting friction of bone against bone
worsens the condition, associated with the elderly. Osteoarthritis most
commonly affects weight-bearing joints and joints that undergo repetitive
stress over a lifetime.
General Overview
· Prevalence:
most common joint disorder
· Incidence:
increases with age
· Sex: 
♀ > ♂
· Incidence
rates in specific joints: knee > hip > hand
Deliverables
Please
address the following questions in complete sentences.
1.    
Which joint allows the most mobility?
2.    
what is the functional and structural
classification of the knee joint and the hip joint
3.    
list all the hand joints that
osteoarthritis affects. Be sure to mention the structural classification of
these hand joints.
4.    
Using only the clinical case as an
example, list the risk factors discovered in this client that increased the
likelihood of developing osteoarthritis.
5.    
What other joint disease must be ruled
out to ensure accurate diagnoses of osteoarthritis?
Answer the questions in the provided Microsoft Word document and save your responses.